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DBMS > 4D vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. TypeDB vs. Ultipa

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. TypeDB vs. Ultipa

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparisonUltipa  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.TypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query languageHigh performance Graph DBMS supporting HTAP high availability cluster deployment
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Graph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.70
Rank#230  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#106  Relational DBMS
Score0.19
Rank#330  Overall
#30  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcloud.google.com/­spannertypedb.comwww.ultipa.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docstypedb.com/­docswww.ultipa.com/­document
Developer4D, IncGoogleVaticleUltipa
Initial release1984201720162019
Current releasev20, April 20232.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011no
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnono
Triggersyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGoogle Cloud SpannerTypeDB infoformerly named GraknUltipa
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGoogle Cloud SpannerTypeDB infoformerly named GraknUltipa
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