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DBMS > 4D vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. HugeGraph vs. TigerGraph vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. HugeGraph vs. TigerGraph vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHugeGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMSA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#336  Overall
#32  Graph DBMS
Score1.83
Rank#139  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org
www.tigergraph.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docshugegraph.apache.org/­docsdocs.tigergraph.comdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncGoogleBaiduOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842017201820171998
Current releasev20, April 20230.911 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Unix
LinuxAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoalso supports composite index and range indexyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noSQL-like query language (GSQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Groovy
Java
Python
C++
Java
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoasynchronous Gremlin script jobsyesPL/SQL
Triggersyesnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingyes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBasenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBaseMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowvia hugegraph-sparkyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes infoedges in graphyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Users, roles and permissionsRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGoogle Cloud SpannerHugeGraphTigerGraphTimesTen
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