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DBMS > 4D vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2 vs. ObjectBox vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2 vs. ObjectBox vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonObjectBox  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Extremely fast embedded database for small devices, IoT and MobileTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSObject oriented DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSTime Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score1.29
Rank#166  Overall
#5  Object oriented DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.h2database.comobjectbox.iotrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.objectbox.iotrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
Developer4D, IncGoogleThomas MuellerObjectBox LimitedApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release19842017200520172014
Current releasev20, April 20232.2.220, July 20232.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache License 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC and C++C++, Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VMAndroid
iOS
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesnoyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaC
C++
Dart
Go
Java
JavaScript infoplanned (as of Jan 2019)
Kotlin
Python infoplanned (as of Jan 2019)
Swift
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsnoJava Stored Procedures
Triggersyesnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseonline/offline synchronization between client and serveryes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGoogle Cloud SpannerH2ObjectBoxTrafodion
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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGoogle Cloud SpannerH2ObjectBoxTrafodion
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