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DBMS > 4D vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Teradata Aster vs. TerminusDB vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Teradata Aster vs. TerminusDB vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata Aster  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformPlatform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and typesScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationshipsTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score0.17
Rank#325  Overall
#29  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcloud.google.com/­datastoreterminusdb.comtrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#trafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
Developer4D, IncGoogleTeradataDataChemist Ltd.Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release19842008200520182014
Current releasev20, April 202311.0.0, January 20232.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL V3Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageProlog, RustC++, Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedLinuxLinuxLinux
Data schemeyesschema-freeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) infodefined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Storeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes, details hereyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infoin Aster File Storenono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query language (GQL)yesSQL-like query language (WOQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R
JavaScript
Python
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesusing Google App EngineR packagesyesJava Stored Procedures
TriggersyesCallbacks using the Google Apps Enginenoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingGraph PartitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication using Paxosyes infoDimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.Journaling Streamsyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes infoSQL Map-Reduce Frameworknoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory journalingyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGoogle Cloud DatastoreTeradata AsterTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemistTrafodion
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