DBMS > 4D vs. atoti vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. RDFox

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. atoti vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. RDFox

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

An in-memory DBMS combining transactional and analytical processing to handle the aggregation of ever-changing data.

Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform

High performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.61
Rank	#243	Overall
	#10	Object oriented DBMS

Score	4.36
Rank	#72	Overall
	#12	Document stores

Score	0.29
Rank	#300	Overall
	#24	Graph DBMS
	#13	RDF stores

Website

www.4d.com

atoti.io

cloud.google.com/datastore

www.oxfordsemantic.tech

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.atoti.io

cloud.google.com/datastore/docs

docs.oxfordsemantic.tech

Developer

4D, Inc

ActiveViam

Google

Oxford Semantic Technologies

Initial release

1984

2008

2017

Current release

v20, April 2023

6.0, Septermber 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free versions available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

RDF schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, details here

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

Multidimensional Expressions (MDX)

SQL-like query language (GQL)

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Python

using Google App Engine

Triggers

yes

Callbacks using the Google Apps Engine

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication using Paxos

replication via a shared file system

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration

Strong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.

Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

via ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Serializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Roles, resources, and access types

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

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