DBMS > 4D vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Postgres-XL vs. RethinkDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Postgres-XL vs. RethinkDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform

Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features

DBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	4.47
Rank	#76	Overall
	#12	Document stores

Score	0.49
Rank	#256	Overall
	#117	Relational DBMS

Score	2.74
Rank	#105	Overall
	#19	Document stores

Website

www.4d.com

cloud.google.com/datastore

www.postgres-xl.org

rethinkdb.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

cloud.google.com/datastore/docs

www.postgres-xl.org/documentation

rethinkdb.com/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

Google

The Linux Foundation

since July 2017

Initial release

1984

2008

2014

since 2012, originally named StormDB

2009

Current release

v20, April 2023

10 R1, October 2018

2.4.1, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Mozilla public license

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux
macOS

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, details here

yes

string, binary, float, bool, date, geometry

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

XML type, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language (GQL)

yes

distributed, parallel query execution

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

community-supported driver
C#

community-supported driver
C++

community-supported driver
Clojure

community-supported driver
Dart

community-supported driver
Erlang

community-supported driver
Go

community-supported driver
Haskell

community-supported driver
Java

official driver
JavaScript (Node.js)

official driver
Lisp

community-supported driver
Lua

community-supported driver
Objective-C

community-supported driver
Perl

community-supported driver
PHP

community-supported driver
Python

official driver
Ruby

official driver
Scala

community-supported driver

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

using Google App Engine

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Callbacks using the Google Apps Engine

yes

Client-side triggers through changefeeds

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

range based

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication using Paxos

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration

Strong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

via ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Serializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions

ACID

MVCC

Atomic single-document operations

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC based

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

users and table-level permissions

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

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