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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Postgres-XL vs. UniData,UniVerse

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Postgres-XL vs. UniData,UniVerse

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonUniData,UniVerse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresMultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilities
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSMultivalue DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score0.49
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score3.16
Rank#97  Overall
#2  Multivalue DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comimpala.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­datastorewww.postgres-xl.orgwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-unidata
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docswww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationdocs.rocketsoftware.com/­bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidata
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGoogleRocket Software
Initial release1984201320082014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB1985
Current releasev20, April 20234.1.0, June 202210 R1, October 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoMozilla public licensecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxhostedLinux
macOS
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes, details hereyesoptional
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionality
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query language (GQL)yes infodistributed, parallel query executionyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API infoJPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Basic infoU2 Basic
C
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceusing Google App Engineuser defined functionsyes
TriggersyesnoCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyesyes infoU2 Basic
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardinghorizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factorMulti-source replication using PaxosSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACID infoMVCCACID infoconfigurable
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights according to SQL-standard and operating system based

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache ImpalaGoogle Cloud DatastorePostgres-XLUniData,UniVerse
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