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DBMS > 4D vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Hypertable vs. MonetDB vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Hypertable vs. MonetDB vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparisonMonetDB  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformAn open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as HadoopA relational database management system that stores data in columnsTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeWide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score1.72
Rank#145  Overall
#67  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcloud.google.com/­datastorewww.monetdb.orgtrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docswww.monetdb.org/­Documentationtrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
Developer4D, IncGoogleHypertable Inc.MonetDB BVApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release19842008200920042014
Current releasev20, April 20230.9.8.11, March 2016Dec2023 (11.49), December 20232.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license availableOpen Source infoMozilla Public License 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++CC++, Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes, details herenoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesrestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scansyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query language (GQL)noyes infoSQL 2003 with some extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
C++ API
Thrift
JDBC
native C library infoMAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesusing Google App Enginenoyes, in SQL, C, RJava Stored Procedures
TriggersyesCallbacks using the Google Apps Enginenoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingSharding via remote tablesSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication using Paxosselectable replication factor on file system levelnone infoSource-replica replication available in experimental statusyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesnoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGoogle Cloud DatastoreHypertableMonetDBTrafodion
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