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DBMS > 4D vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. H2 vs. NuoDB vs. YDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. H2 vs. NuoDB vs. YDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonYDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsA distributed fault-tolerant database service, with high availability, scalability, immediate consistency and ACID transactions and providing an Amazon DynamoDB compatible API
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score0.35
Rank#278  Overall
#43  Document stores
#127  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcloud.google.com/­datastorewww.h2database.comwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasegithub.com/­ydb-platform/­ydb
ydb.tech
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldoc.nuodb.comydb.tech/­en/­docs
Developer4D, IncGoogleThomas MuellerDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.Yandex
Initial release19842008200520132019
Current releasev20, April 20232.2.220, July 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0; commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VMhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes, details hereyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query language (GQL)yesyesSQL-like query language (YQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesusing Google App EngineJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJava, SQLno
TriggersyesCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonedata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication using PaxosWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBActive-passive shard replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDACID infotunable commit protocolACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes infoTemporary tableno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative UsersAccess rights defined for Yandex Cloud users

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGoogle Cloud DatastoreH2NuoDBYDB
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