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DBMS > 4D vs. Google BigQuery vs. MaxDB vs. TigerGraph vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Google BigQuery vs. MaxDB vs. TigerGraph vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle BigQuery  Xexclude from comparisonMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemLarge scale data warehouse service with append-only tablesA robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutionsA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score61.90
Rank#19  Overall
#13  Relational DBMS
Score2.65
Rank#111  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score1.83
Rank#141  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Score1.35
Rank#165  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcloud.google.com/­bigquerymaxdb.sap.comwww.tigergraph.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcloud.google.com/­bigquery/­docsmaxdb.sap.com/­documentationdocs.tigergraph.comdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncGoogleSAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842010198420171998
Current releasev20, April 20237.9.10.12, February 202411 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial infoLimited community edition freecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
LinuxAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyesSQL-like query language (GSQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
C++
Java
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions infoin JavaScriptyesyesPL/SQL
Triggersyesnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoSince BigQuery is designed for querying dataACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level infoGoogle Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGoogle BigQueryMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-DTigerGraphTimesTen
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