DBMS > 4D vs. Google BigQuery vs. MaxDB vs. RRDtool

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Google BigQuery vs. MaxDB vs. RRDtool

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

A robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutions

Industry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database.

The data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	58.10
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	2.26
Rank	#114	Overall
	#55	Relational DBMS

Score	1.90
Rank	#132	Overall
	#11	Time Series DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

cloud.google.com/bigquery

maxdb.sap.com

oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

maxdb.sap.com/documentation

oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/doc

Developer

4D, Inc

Google

SAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997

Tobias Oetiker

Initial release

1984

2010

1984

1999

Current release

v20, April 2023

7.9.10.12, February 2024

1.8.0, 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Limited community edition free

Open Source

GPL V2 and FLOSS

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Implementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

HP-UX
Linux

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numeric data only

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Exporting into and restoring from XML files possible

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV

in-process shared library
Pipes

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python

with librrd library
C#

with a different implementation of RRDTool
Java

with a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js)

with a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP

with a wrapper library
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

in JavaScript

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

by using the rrdcached daemon

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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