DBMS > 4D vs. Google BigQuery vs. Ingres vs. SQream DB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Google BigQuery vs. Ingres vs. SQream DB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

Well established RDBMS

a GPU-based, columnar RDBMS for big data analytics workloads

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	60.38
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	4.11
Rank	#81	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	0.70
Rank	#227	Overall
	#104	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

cloud.google.com/bigquery

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

sqream.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

docs.actian.com/ingres

docs.sqream.com

Developer

4D, Inc

Google

Actian Corporation

SQream Technologies

Initial release

1984

2010

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2017

Current release

v20, April 2023

11.2, May 2022

2022.1.6, December 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++, CUDA, Haskell, Java, Scala

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, ANSI Standard SQL Types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

.Net
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

in JavaScript

yes

user defined functions in Python

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

horizontal and vertical partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Ingres Replicator

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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