DBMS > 4D vs. Google BigQuery vs. HugeGraph vs. OpenQM vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Google BigQuery vs. HugeGraph vs. OpenQM vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

A fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMS

QpenQM is a high-performance, self-tuning, multi-value DBMS

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	60.38
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	0.13
Rank	#336	Overall
	#32	Graph DBMS

Score	0.27
Rank	#298	Overall
	#10	Multivalue DBMS

Score	1.31
Rank	#163	Overall
	#74	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

cloud.google.com/bigquery

github.com/hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org

www.rocketsoftware.com/products/rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/rocket-open-qm

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

hugegraph.apache.org/docs

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

Developer

4D, Inc

Google

Baidu

Rocket Software, originally Martin Phillips

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Initial release

1984

2010

2018

1993

1998

Current release

v20, April 2023

0.9

3.4-12

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

GPLv2, extended commercial license available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux
macOS
Unix

AIX
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Solaris
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Data scheme

yes

with some exceptions

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

also supports composite index and range index

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

Groovy
Java
Python

.Net
Basic
C
Java
Objective C
PHP
Python

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

in JavaScript

asynchronous Gremlin script jobs

yes

PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

yes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

via hugegraph-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

edges in graph

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

Users, roles and permissions

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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