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DBMS > 4D vs. GeoSpock vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2 vs. NuoDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. GeoSpock vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2 vs. NuoDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonGeoSpock  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparison
GeoSpock seems to be discontinued. Therefore it will be excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemSpatial and temporal data processing engine for extreme data scaleA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsTime Series DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comgeospock.comcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.h2database.comwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-database
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldoc.nuodb.com
Developer4D, IncGeoSpockGoogleThomas MuellerDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.
Initial release1984201720052013
Current releasev20, April 20232.0, September 20192.2.220, July 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercial infolimited edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, JavascriptJavaC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedhostedAll OS with a Java VMhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyestemporal, categoricalyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92ANSI SQL for query only (using Presto)yes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBCgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJava, SQL
Triggersyesnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneAutomatic shardingShardingnonedata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDB
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID infotunable commit protocol
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infoMVCC
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyesyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per tableAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGeoSpockGoogle Cloud SpannerH2NuoDB
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