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DBMS > 4D vs. GeoMesa vs. SQream DB vs. SurrealDB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. GeoMesa vs. SQream DB vs. SurrealDB vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonGeoMesa  Xexclude from comparisonSQream DB  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemGeoMesa is a distributed spatio-temporal DBMS based on various systems as storage layer.a GPU-based, columnar RDBMS for big data analytics workloadsA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMSA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.78
Rank#213  Overall
#4  Spatial DBMS
Score0.70
Rank#227  Overall
#104  Relational DBMS
Score0.86
Rank#203  Overall
#34  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.geomesa.orgsqream.comsurrealdb.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.geomesa.org/­documentation/­stable/­user/­index.htmldocs.sqream.comsurrealdb.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncCCRi and othersSQream TechnologiesSurrealDB Ltd8Kdata
Initial release19842014201720222016
Current releasev20, April 20234.0.5, February 20242022.1.6, December 2022v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache License 2.0commercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageScalaC++, CUDA, Haskell, Java, ScalaRustJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes, ANSI Standard SQL Typesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functions in Python
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonedepending on storage layerhorizontal and vertical partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationdepending on storage layernoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistencydepending on storage layerImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nodepending on storage layer
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyes infodepending on the DBMS used for storageyes, based on authentication and database rulesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGeoMesaSQream DBSurrealDBToroDB
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