DBMS > 4D vs. GeoMesa vs. Snowflake vs. SQream DB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. GeoMesa vs. Snowflake vs. SQream DB vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

GeoMesa is a distributed spatio-temporal DBMS based on various systems as storage layer.

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

a GPU-based, columnar RDBMS for big data analytics workloads

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.78
Rank	#213	Overall
	#4	Spatial DBMS

Score	121.33
Rank	#9	Overall
	#6	Relational DBMS

Score	0.70
Rank	#227	Overall
	#104	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.geomesa.org/documentation/stable/user/index.html

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

docs.sqream.com

Developer

4D, Inc

CCRi and others

Snowflake Computing Inc.

SQream Technologies

8Kdata

Initial release

1984

2014

2017

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

4.0.5, February 2024

2022.1.6, December 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache License 2.0

commercial

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Scala

C++, CUDA, Haskell, Java, Scala

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, ANSI Standard SQL Types

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

.Net
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

user defined functions in Python

Triggers

yes

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

depending on storage layer

yes

horizontal and vertical partitioning

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

depending on storage layer

yes

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

depending on storage layer

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

depending on storage layer

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

depending on the DBMS used for storage

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

Access rights for users and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.