DBMS > 4D vs. GeoMesa vs. IBM Db2 Event Store vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. GeoMesa vs. IBM Db2 Event Store vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

GeoMesa is a distributed spatio-temporal DBMS based on various systems as storage layer.

Distributed Event Store optimized for Internet of Things use cases

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS

Event Store
Time Series DBMS

Graph DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.78
Rank	#213	Overall
	#4	Spatial DBMS

Score	0.19
Rank	#323	Overall
	#2	Event Stores
	#28	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.83
Rank	#139	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.geomesa.org

www.ibm.com/products/db2-event-store

www.tigergraph.com

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.geomesa.org/documentation/stable/user/index.html

www.ibm.com/docs/en/db2-event-store

docs.tigergraph.com

Developer

4D, Inc

CCRi and others

IBM

8Kdata

Initial release

1984

2014

2017

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

4.0.5, February 2024

2.0

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache License 2.0

commercial

free developer edition available

commercial

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Scala

C and C++

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

Linux, macOS, Windows for the developer addition

Linux

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

through the embedded Spark runtime

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

ADO.NET
DB2 Connect
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

depending on storage layer

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

depending on storage layer

Active-active shard replication

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

depending on storage layer

Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

No - written data is immutable

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Yes - Synchronous writes to local disk combined with replication and asynchronous writes in parquet format to permanent shared storage

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

depending on storage layer

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

depending on the DBMS used for storage

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

Access rights for users and roles

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