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DBMS > 4D vs. GBase vs. Hypertable vs. Lovefield

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. GBase vs. Hypertable vs. Lovefield

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonGBase  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparison
Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemWidely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.An open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as HadoopEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.05
Rank#186  Overall
#86  Relational DBMS
Score0.33
Rank#286  Overall
#131  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.gbase.cngoogle.github.io/­lovefield
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.md
Developer4D, IncGeneral Data Technology Co., Ltd.Hypertable Inc.Google
Initial release1984200420092014
Current releasev20, April 2023GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c0.9.8.11, March 20162.1.12, February 2017
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC, Java, PythonC++JavaScript
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesrestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scansyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92Standard with numerous extensionsnoSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder pattern
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC
C++ API
Thrift
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsnono
TriggersyesyesnoUsing read-only observers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesselectable replication factor on file system levelnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infousing MemoryDB
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyesnono

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionGBaseHypertableLovefield
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