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DBMS > 4D vs. Firebird vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Prometheus

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Firebird vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Prometheus

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Open-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring system
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score20.50
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score7.69
Rank#50  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.firebirdsql.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerprometheus.io
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsprometheus.io/­docs
Developer4D, IncFirebird FoundationGoogle
Initial release19842000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase20172015
Current releasev20, April 20235.0.0, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++Go
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hostedLinux
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesNumeric data only
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infoImport of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011no
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesPSQLnono
Triggersyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infoby Federation
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)no

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionFirebirdGoogle Cloud SpannerPrometheus
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