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DBMS > 4D vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. InfluxDB vs. Kdb vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. InfluxDB vs. Kdb vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonInfluxDB  Xexclude from comparisonKdb  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.DBMS for storing time series, events and metricsHigh performance Time Series DBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeTime Series DBMSTime Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infowith GEO packageRelational DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score24.39
Rank#28  Overall
#1  Time Series DBMS
Score7.71
Rank#49  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.influxdata.com/­products/­influxdb-overviewkx.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasedocs.influxdata.com/­influxdbcode.kx.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
Developer4D, IncGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Kx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plcMicrosoft
Initial release1984201220132000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 20032019
Current releasev20, April 20232.7.6, April 20243.6, May 2018cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoMIT-License; commercial enterprise version availablecommercial infofree 32-bit versioncommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoq
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X infothrough Homebrew
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesNumeric data and Stringsyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes infotable attribute 'grouped'all fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noSQL-like query languageSQL-like query language (q)Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
JSON over UDP
HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyeslimited functionality with using 'rules'nouser defined functionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
TriggersyesCallbacks are triggered when data changesnoyes infowith viewsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoin enterprise version onlyhorizontal partitioningSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factor infoin enterprise version onlySource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infosimilar paradigm used for internal processingSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesnonono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoDepending on used storage engineyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyes, based on authentication and database rulessimple rights management via user accountsrights management via user accountsAzure Active Directory Authentication
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionFirebase Realtime DatabaseInfluxDBKdbMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
Specific characteristicsInfluxData is the creator of InfluxDB , the open source time series database. It...
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Integrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
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Competitive advantagesTime to Value InfluxDB is available in all the popular languages and frameworks,...
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provides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
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Typical application scenariosIoT & Sensor Monitoring Developers are witnessing the instrumentation of every available...
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tick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
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Key customersInfluxData has more than 1,900 paying customers, including customers include MuleSoft,...
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Goldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
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Market metricsFastest-growing database to drive 27,500 GitHub stars Over 750,000 daily active instances
» more
kdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source core with closed source clustering available either on-premise or on...
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upon request
» more
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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionFirebase Realtime DatabaseInfluxDBKdbMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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