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DBMS > 4D vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Hypertable vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SiteWhere

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Hypertable vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SiteWhere

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSiteWhere  Xexclude from comparison
Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.An open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as HadoopFully managed big data interactive analytics platformM2M integration platform for persisting/querying time series data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeWide column storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.06
Rank#383  Overall
#43  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databaseazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorergithub.com/­sitewhere/­sitewhere
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorersitewhere1.sitewhere.io/­index.html
Developer4D, IncGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Hypertable Inc.MicrosoftSiteWhere
Initial release19842012200920192010
Current releasev20, April 20230.9.8.11, March 2016cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license availablecommercialOpen Source infoCommon Public Attribution License Version 1.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)predefined scheme
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesrestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scansall fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
C++ API
Thrift
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP REST
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyeslimited functionality with using 'rules'noYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
TriggersyesCallbacks are triggered when data changesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infobased on HBase
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factor on file system levelyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.selectable replication factor infobased on HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesnonono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyes, based on authentication and database rulesnoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationUsers with fine-grained authorization concept

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionFirebase Realtime DatabaseHypertableMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSiteWhere
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