DBMS > 4D vs. Elasticsearch vs. MySQL vs. RethinkDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Elasticsearch vs. MySQL vs. RethinkDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene

Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric

Widely used open source RDBMS

DBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Search engine

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	135.35
Rank	#7	Overall
	#1	Search engines

Score	1083.74
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	2.74
Rank	#105	Overall
	#19	Document stores

Website

www.4d.com

www.elastic.co/elasticsearch

www.mysql.com

rethinkdb.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html

dev.mysql.com/doc

rethinkdb.com/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

Elastic

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

The Linux Foundation

since July 2017

Initial release

1984

2010

1995

2009

Current release

v20, April 2023

8.6, January 2023

8.4.0, April 2024

2.4.1, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Elastic License

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Aiven for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL, deployable in the cloud of your choice, with seamless integrations and lightning-fast setup.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, binary, float, bool, date, geometry

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

community-supported driver
C#

community-supported driver
C++

community-supported driver
Clojure

community-supported driver
Dart

community-supported driver
Erlang

community-supported driver
Go

community-supported driver
Haskell

community-supported driver
Java

official driver
JavaScript (Node.js)

official driver
Lisp

community-supported driver
Lua

community-supported driver
Objective-C

community-supported driver
Perl

community-supported driver
PHP

community-supported driver
Python

official driver
Ruby

official driver
Scala

community-supported driver

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

Client-side triggers through changefeeds

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

Sharding

range based

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

ES-Hadoop Connector

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

Atomic single-document operations

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

MVCC based

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Memcached and Redis integration

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

yes

users and table-level permissions

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