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DBMS > 4D vs. Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Transbase

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Transbase

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTransbase  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#334  Overall
#148  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase/­features.html
Developer4D, IncElasticMicrosoftTransaction Software GmbH
Initial release1984201020191987
Current releasev20, April 20238.6, January 2023cloud service with continuous releasesTransbase 8.3, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoElastic Licensecommercialcommercial infofree development license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC and C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedFreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languageKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes
Triggersyesyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoES-Hadoop ConnectorSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoyes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationnono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionElasticsearchMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTransbase
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