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DBMS > 4D vs. Elasticsearch vs. GeoMesa vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Elasticsearch vs. GeoMesa vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGeoMesa  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricGeoMesa is a distributed spatio-temporal DBMS based on various systems as storage layer.A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineSpatial DBMSGraph DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score0.78
Rank#213  Overall
#4  Spatial DBMS
Score1.83
Rank#139  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.geomesa.orgwww.tigergraph.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlwww.geomesa.org/­documentation/­stable/­user/­index.htmldocs.tigergraph.com
Developer4D, IncElasticCCRi and others8Kdata
Initial release19842010201420172016
Current releasev20, April 20238.6, January 20234.0.5, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoApache License 2.0commercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaScalaC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinuxAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languagenoSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesnoyes
Triggersyesyes infoby using the 'percolation' featurenonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingdepending on storage layerSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesdepending on storage layerSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoES-Hadoop Connectoryesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, alldepending on storage layerEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationdepending on storage layerno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyes infodepending on the DBMS used for storageRole-based access controlAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionElasticsearchGeoMesaTigerGraphToroDB
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