DBMS > 4D vs. EXASOL vs. Galaxybase vs. Lovefield

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. EXASOL vs. Galaxybase vs. Lovefield

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

High-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.

Scalable, ACID-compliant native distributed parallel graph platform

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.37
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.66
Rank	#138	Overall
	#64	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#385	Overall
	#40	Graph DBMS

Score	0.22
Rank	#306	Overall
	#138	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.exasol.com

galaxybase.com

google.github.io/lovefield

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.exasol.com/resources

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

Developer

4D, Inc

Exasol

Chuanglin(Createlink) Technology Co., Ltd 浙江创邻科技有限公司

Google

Initial release

1984

2000

2017

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

Nov 20, November 2021

2.1.12, February 2017

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and Java

JavaScript

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

Data scheme

yes

Strong typed schema

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket

Browser interface
console (shell)
Graph API (Gremlin)
OpenCypher
Proprietary native API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java
Lua
Python
R

Go
Java
Python

JavaScript

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

user defined procedures and functions

Triggers

yes

Using read-only observers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

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More resources

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