DBMS > 4D vs. EJDB vs. Ingres vs. RavenDB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. EJDB vs. Ingres vs. RavenDB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Embeddable document-store database library with JSON representation of queries (in MongoDB style)

Well established RDBMS

Open Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.27
Rank	#297	Overall
	#44	Document stores

Score	4.11
Rank	#81	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	2.92
Rank	#101	Overall
	#18	Document stores

Score	1.31
Rank	#163	Overall
	#74	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

github.com/Softmotions/ejdb

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

ravendb.net

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

github.com/Softmotions/ejdb/blob/master/README.md

docs.actian.com/ingres

ravendb.net/docs

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

Developer

4D, Inc

Softmotions

Actian Corporation

Hibernating Rhinos

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Initial release

1984

2012

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2010

1998

Current release

v20, April 2023

11.2, May 2022

5.4, July 2022

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

GPLv2

commercial

Open Source

AGPL version 3, commercial license available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

server-less

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, bool, date, object_id

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

SQL-like query language (RQL)

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

in-process shared library

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Actionscript
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
Objective-C
Pike
Python
Ruby

.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

Ingres Replicator

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

typically not needed, however similar functionality with collection joins possible

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID, Cluster-wide transaction available

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Read/Write Locking

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Authorization levels configured per client per database

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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