DBMS > 4D vs. chDB vs. DuckDB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. chDB vs. DuckDB vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

An embedded SQL OLAP Engine powered by ClickHouse

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.07
Rank	#376	Overall
	#158	Relational DBMS

Score	4.63
Rank	#69	Overall
	#37	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

github.com/chdb-io/chdb

duckdb.org

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

doc.chdb.io

duckdb.org/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

8Kdata

Initial release

1984

2023

2018

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

1.0.0, June 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

server-less

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

Close to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions)

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Bun
C
C++
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users and roles

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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Recent citations in the news

DuckDB promises greater stability with 1.0 release
5 June 2024, The Register

DuckDB: The tiny but powerful analytics database
15 May 2024, InfoWorld

DuckDB: In-Process Python Analytics for Not-Quite-Big Data
31 May 2024, The New Stack

DuckDB 1.0 Released
4 June 2024, iProgrammer

DuckDB Walks to the Beat of Its Own Analytics Drum
5 March 2024, Datanami

provided by Google News

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