DBMS > 4D vs. DuckDB vs. MonetDB vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. DuckDB vs. MonetDB vs. Trafodion

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

A relational database management system that stores data in columns

Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	4.57
Rank	#74	Overall
	#40	Relational DBMS

Score	1.72
Rank	#145	Overall
	#67	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

duckdb.org/docs

www.monetdb.org/Documentation

trafodion.apache.org/documentation.html

Developer

4D, Inc

MonetDB BV

Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP

Initial release

1984

2018

2004

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

0.10, February 2024

Dec2023 (11.49), December 2023

2.3.0, February 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Mozilla Public License 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

C++, Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

server-less

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

SQL 2003 with some extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
native C library

MAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

yes, in SQL, C, R

Java Stored Procedures

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding via remote tables

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

Source-replica replication available in experimental status

yes, via HBase

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via user defined functions and HBase

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

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Recent citations in the news

My First Billion (of Rows) in DuckDB | by João Pedro | May, 2024
1 May 2024, Towards Data Science

Enabling Remote Query Execution through DuckDB Extensions
12 March 2024, InfoQ.com

DuckDB Walks to the Beat of Its Own Analytics Drum
5 March 2024, Datanami

MotherDuck Raises $52.5 Million Series B Funding as DuckDB Adoption Soars
20 September 2023, PR Newswire

Seattle startup MotherDuck raises $52.5M at a $400M valuation to fuel DuckDB analytics platform
20 September 2023, GeekWire

provided by Google News

In 2024 the MonetDB Foundation was established for the preservation, maintenance and further development of the ...
31 January 2024, Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI)

MonetDB Secures Investment From (and Partners With) ServiceNow
9 December 2021, Datanami

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6 April 2018, Data Science Central

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14 January 2020, Towards Data Science

MonetDB Solutions secures investment from ServiceNow
30 September 2019, Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI)

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