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DBMS > 4D vs. DuckDB vs. eXtremeDB vs. Kdb vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. DuckDB vs. eXtremeDB vs. Kdb vs. Realm

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisoneXtremeDB  Xexclude from comparisonKdb  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSNatively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clusteringHigh performance Time Series DBMSA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#223  Overall
#103  Relational DBMS
#18  Time Series DBMS
Score7.55
Rank#53  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Score7.60
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Websitewww.4d.comduckdb.orgwww.mcobject.comkx.comrealm.io
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comduckdb.org/­docswww.mcobject.com/­docs/­extremedb.htmcode.kx.comrealm.io/­docs
Developer4D, IncMcObjectKx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plcRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019
Initial release1984201820012000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 20032014
Current releasev20, April 20230.10, February 20248.2, 20213.6, May 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT Licensecommercialcommercial infofree 32-bit versionOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C and C++q
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
server-lessAIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infosupport of XML interfaces availableyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infotable attribute 'grouped'yes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyes infowith the option: eXtremeSQLSQL-like query language (q)no
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala
C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyesuser defined functionsno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary
Triggersyesnoyes infoby defining eventsyes infowith viewsyes infoChange Listeners
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonehorizontal partitioning / shardinghorizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneActive Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication infoby means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication infoby means of eXtremeDB High Availability option
Source-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infosimilar paradigm used for internal processingno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infoOptimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies availableyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyesyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnorights management via user accountsyes
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDuckDBeXtremeDBKdbRealm
Specific characteristicseXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
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Integrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
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Competitive advantageseXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
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provides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
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Typical application scenariosIoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
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tick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
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Key customersSchneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
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Goldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
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Market metricsWith hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
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kdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsFor server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
» more
upon request
» more

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDuckDBeXtremeDBKdbRealm
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