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DBMS > 4D vs. DuckDB vs. GigaSpaces vs. MaxDB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. DuckDB vs. GigaSpaces vs. MaxDB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonGigaSpaces  Xexclude from comparisonMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSHigh performance in-memory data grid platform, powering three products: Smart Cache, Smart ODS (Operational Data Store), Smart Augmented TransactionsA robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutionsIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Object oriented DBMS infoValues are user defined objects
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsGraph DBMS
Search engine
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score0.97
Rank#192  Overall
#32  Document stores
#6  Object oriented DBMS
Score2.32
Rank#112  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comduckdb.orgwww.gigaspaces.commaxdb.sap.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comduckdb.org/­docsdocs.gigaspaces.com/­latest/­landing.htmlmaxdb.sap.com/­documentationdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncGigaspaces TechnologiesSAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842018200019841998
Current releasev20, April 20230.10, February 202415.5, September 20207.9.10.12, February 202411 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2; Commercial licenses availablecommercial infoLimited community edition freecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++Java, C++, .NetC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
server-lessLinux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infoXML can be used for describing objects metadatanono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesSQL-99 for query and DML statementsyesyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
GigaSpaces LRMI
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
JPA
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C++
Java
Python
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyesyesPL/SQL
Triggersyesnoyes, event driven architectureyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneMulti-source replication infosynchronous or asynchronous
Source-replica replication infosynchronous or asynchronous
Source-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infoMap-Reduce pattern can be built with XAP task executorsnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable: ALL, QUORUM, ANYImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDuckDBGigaSpacesMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-DTimesTen
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