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DBMS > 4D vs. DuckDB vs. GeoSpock vs. Kdb vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. DuckDB vs. GeoSpock vs. Kdb vs. Realm

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonGeoSpock  Xexclude from comparisonKdb  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparison
GeoSpock seems to be discontinued. Therefore it will be excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSSpatial and temporal data processing engine for extreme data scaleHigh performance Time Series DBMSA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Secondary database modelsTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score7.55
Rank#53  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Score7.60
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Websitewww.4d.comduckdb.orggeospock.comkx.comrealm.io
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comduckdb.org/­docscode.kx.comrealm.io/­docs
Developer4D, IncGeoSpockKx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plcRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019
Initial release198420182000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 20032014
Current releasev20, April 20230.10, February 20242.0, September 20193.6, May 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT Licensecommercialcommercial infofree 32-bit versionOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++Java, Javascriptq
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
server-lesshostedLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyestemporal, categoricalyes infotable attribute 'grouped'yes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesANSI SQL for query only (using Presto)SQL-like query language (q)no
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
JDBCHTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonouser defined functionsno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary
Triggersyesnonoyes infowith viewsyes infoChange Listeners
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneAutomatic shardinghorizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneSource-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infosimilar paradigm used for internal processingno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyesyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoAccess rights for users can be defined per tablerights management via user accountsyes
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDuckDBGeoSpockKdbRealm
Specific characteristicsIntegrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
» more
Competitive advantagesprovides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
» more
Typical application scenariostick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
» more
Key customersGoldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
» more
Market metricskdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsupon request
» more

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDuckDBGeoSpockKdbRealm
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