DBMS > 4D vs. Drizzle vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. MarkLogic vs. Sadas Engine

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Drizzle vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. MarkLogic vs. Sadas Engine

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Drizzle has published its last release in September 2012. The open-source project is discontinued and Drizzle is excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

MySQL fork with a pluggable micro-kernel and with an emphasis of performance over compatibility.

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL database

SADAS Engine is a columnar DBMS specifically designed for high performance in data warehouse environments

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store

as of version 7
Search engine

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	2.89
Rank	#103	Overall
	#52	Relational DBMS

Score	5.92
Rank	#58	Overall
	#10	Document stores
	#1	Native XML DBMS
	#1	RDF stores
	#6	Search engines

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#158	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

cloud.google.com/spanner

www.marklogic.com

www.sadasengine.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

docs.marklogic.com

www.sadasengine.com/en/sadas-engine-download-free-trial-and-documentation/#documentation

Developer

4D, Inc

Drizzle project, originally started by Brian Aker

Google

MarkLogic Corp.

SADAS s.r.l.

Initial release

1984

2008

2017

2001

2006

Current release

v20, April 2023

7.2.4, September 2012

11.0, December 2022

8.0

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

GNU GPL

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

free trial version available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Schema can be enforced

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

yes

SQL92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API

Proprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT

JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C++
Java
PHP

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

via XQuery or JavaScript

Triggers

yes

hooks for callbacks inside the server can be used.

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

yes

via Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

ACID

can act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transaction

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes, with Range Indexes

yes

managed by 'Learn by Usage'

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Pluggable authentication mechanisms

e.g. LDAP, HTTP

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levels

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

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