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DBMS > 4D vs. Dolt vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Postgres-XL vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Dolt vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Postgres-XL vs. Realm

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDolt  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA MySQL compatible DBMS with Git-like versioning of data and schemaAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.96
Rank#193  Overall
#90  Relational DBMS
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score0.49
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score7.60
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­dolthub/­dolt
www.dolthub.com
cloud.google.com/­datastorewww.postgres-xl.orgrealm.io
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.dolthub.comcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docswww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationrealm.io/­docs
Developer4D, IncDoltHub IncGoogleRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019
Initial release1984201820082014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB2014
Current releasev20, April 202310 R1, October 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoMozilla public licenseOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes, details hereyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalityno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesSQL-like query language (GQL)yes infodistributed, parallel query executionno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
CLI Client
HTTP REST
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infocurrently in alpha releaseusing Google App Engineuser defined functionsno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary
TriggersyesyesCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyesyes infoChange Listeners
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardinghorizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationA database can be cloned to multiple locations and be used there in isolation. Data/schema changes can be pushed/pulled explicitly between locations.Multi-source replication using Paxosnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACID infoMVCCACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsOnly one user is configurable, and must be specified in the config file at startupAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDoltGoogle Cloud DatastorePostgres-XLRealm
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