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DBMS > 4D vs. Dgraph vs. openGauss vs. Prometheus vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Dgraph vs. openGauss vs. Prometheus vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonopenGauss  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSAn enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with high-performance, high-availability and high-performance originally developed by HuaweiOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring systemIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score1.08
Rank#183  Overall
#84  Relational DBMS
Score8.42
Rank#47  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comdgraph.iogitee.com/­opengauss
opengauss.org
prometheus.iowww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdgraph.io/­docsdocs.opengauss.org/­en
gitee.com/­opengauss/­docs
prometheus.io/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncDgraph Labs, Inc.Huawei and openGauss communityOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842016201920151998
Current releasev20, April 20233.0, March 202211 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC, C++, JavaGo
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesNumeric data onlyyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono infoImport of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noANSI SQL 2011noyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIJDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Java
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyesnoPL/SQL
Triggersyesnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyeshorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash)Shardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSynchronous replication via RaftSource-replica replicationyes infoby FederationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDgraphopenGaussPrometheusTimesTen
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