DBMS > 4D vs. Dgraph vs. OushuDB vs. ToroDB vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Dgraph vs. OushuDB vs. ToroDB vs. VelocityDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

A data warehouse powered by Apache HAWQ supporting descriptive analysis and advanced machine learning

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

A .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.10
Rank	#355	Overall
	#154	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#354	Overall
	#37	Graph DBMS
	#15	Object oriented DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

dgraph.io

www.oushu.com/product/oushuDB

github.com/torodb/server

velocitydb.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

dgraph.io/docs

www.oushu.com/documentation

velocitydb.com/UserGuide

Developer

4D, Inc

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Oushu

8Kdata

VelocityDB Inc

Initial release

1984

2016

2011

Current release

v20, April 2023

4.0.1, August 2020

7.x

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

AGPL-V3

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Any that supports .NET

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

Full-featured ANSI SQL support

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

.Net

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C++

.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Synchronous replication via Raft

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Planned for future releases

Kerberos, SSL and role based access

Access rights for users and roles

Based on Windows Authentication

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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