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DBMS > 4D vs. Dgraph vs. DuckDB vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Dgraph vs. DuckDB vs. Trafodion

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comdgraph.ioduckdb.orgtrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdgraph.io/­docsduckdb.org/­docstrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
Developer4D, IncDgraph Labs, Inc.Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release1984201620182014
Current releasev20, April 20230.10, February 20242.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoC++C++, Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
server-lessLinux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoJava Stored Procedures
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyesnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSynchronous replication via Raftnoneyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsno infoPlanned for future releasesnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDgraphDuckDBTrafodion
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