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DBMS > 4D vs. Dgraph vs. Drizzle vs. NuoDB vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Dgraph vs. Drizzle vs. NuoDB vs. Vitess

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonDrizzle  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparison
Drizzle has published its last release in September 2012. The open-source project is discontinued and Drizzle is excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSMySQL fork with a pluggable micro-kernel and with an emphasis of performance over compatibility.NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsScalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score0.82
Rank#209  Overall
#97  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comdgraph.iowww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasevitess.io
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdgraph.io/­docsdoc.nuodb.comvitess.io/­docs
Developer4D, IncDgraph Labs, Inc.Drizzle project, originally started by Brian AkerDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.The Linux Foundation, PlanetScale
Initial release19842016200820132013
Current releasev20, April 20237.2.4, September 201215.0.2, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGNU GPLcommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++C++Go
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
hosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyes infowith proprietary extensionsyesyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
JDBCADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoJava, SQLyes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersyesnono infohooks for callbacks inside the server can be used.yesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyesShardingdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID infotunable commit protocolACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCCyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoTemporary tableyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsno infoPlanned for future releasesPluggable authentication mechanisms infoe.g. LDAP, HTTPStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative UsersUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDgraphDrizzleNuoDBVitess
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