DBMS > 4D vs. Derby vs. Spark SQL vs. Teradata Aster

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Derby vs. Spark SQL vs. Teradata Aster

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Platform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and types

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	4.71
Rank	#69	Overall
	#37	Relational DBMS

Score	18.96
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

db.apache.org/derby

spark.apache.org/sql

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

db.apache.org/derby/manuals/index.html

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

Teradata

Initial release

1984

1997

2014

2005

Current release

v20, April 2023

10.17.1.0, November 2023

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Scala

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

defined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Store

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

in Aster File Store

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java

Java
Python
R
Scala

C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures

R packages

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

none

yes

Dimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

SQL Map-Reduce Framework

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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