DBMS > 4D vs. Derby vs. LokiJS vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Derby vs. LokiJS vs. SurrealDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

A fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	4.60
Rank	#70	Overall
	#38	Relational DBMS

Score	0.49
Rank	#260	Overall
	#42	Document stores

Score	1.02
Rank	#190	Overall
	#33	Document stores
	#18	Graph DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

db.apache.org/derby

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

surrealdb.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

db.apache.org/derby/manuals/index.html

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

surrealdb.com/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

SurrealDB Ltd

Initial release

1984

1997

2014

2022

Current release

v20, April 2023

10.17.1.0, November 2023

v1.5.0, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

JavaScript

Rust

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC

JavaScript API

GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Java

JavaScript

Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures

View functions in JavaScript

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a single collection possible

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
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New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
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