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DBMS > 4D vs. Derby vs. eXtremeDB vs. GBase vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Derby vs. eXtremeDB vs. GBase vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisoneXtremeDB  Xexclude from comparisonGBase  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Natively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clusteringWidely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score4.60
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Score0.80
Rank#214  Overall
#99  Relational DBMS
#18  Time Series DBMS
Score1.05
Rank#186  Overall
#86  Relational DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.4d.comdb.apache.org/­derbywww.mcobject.comwww.gbase.cnvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmlwww.mcobject.com/­docs/­extremedb.htmdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
Developer4D, IncApache Software FoundationMcObjectGeneral Data Technology Co., Ltd.OpenLink Software
Initial release19841997200120041998
Current releasev20, April 202310.17.1.0, November 20238.2, 2021GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c7.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC and C++C, Java, PythonC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
LinuxAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesno infosupport of XML interfaces availableyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesyes infowith the option: eXtremeSQLStandard with numerous extensionsyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Java.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala
C#.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJava Stored Proceduresyesuser defined functionsyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesyesyes infoby defining eventsyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonehorizontal partitioning / shardinghorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationActive Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication infoby means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication infoby means of eXtremeDB High Availability option
yesChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoOptimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies availableyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBeXtremeDBGBaseVirtuoso
Specific characteristicseXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
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Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
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Competitive advantageseXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
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Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenariosIoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
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Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
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Key customersSchneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
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Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
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Market metricsWith hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
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Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
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Licensing and pricing modelsFor server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
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Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBeXtremeDBGBaseVirtuoso
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