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DBMS > 4D vs. Derby vs. Dgraph vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Lovefield

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Derby vs. Dgraph vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Lovefield

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardwareEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score4.71
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score1.77
Rank#141  Overall
#65  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comdb.apache.org/­derbydgraph.iogithub.com/­heavyai/­heavydb
www.heavy.ai
google.github.io/­lovefield
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmldgraph.io/­docsdocs.heavy.aigithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.md
Developer4D, IncApache Software FoundationDgraph Labs, Inc.HEAVY.AI, Inc.Google
Initial release19841997201620162014
Current releasev20, April 202310.17.1.0, November 20235.10, January 20222.1.12, February 2017
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2; enterprise edition availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaGoC++ and CUDAJavaScript
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Linuxserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesnoyesSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder pattern
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBCGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
JavaC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJava Stored Proceduresnonono
TriggersyesyesnonoUsing read-only observers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneyesSharding infoRound robinnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes infousing MemoryDB
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBDgraphHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022Lovefield
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