DBMS > 4D vs. Datomic vs. Lovefield vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Datomic vs. Lovefield vs. SpaceTime

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.66
Rank	#144	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	0.33
Rank	#286	Overall
	#131	Relational DBMS

Score	0.03
Rank	#392	Overall
	#8	Spatial DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.datomic.com

google.github.io/lovefield

www.mireo.com/spacetime

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.datomic.com

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

Developer

4D, Inc

Cognitect

Google

Mireo

Initial release

1984

2012

2014

2020

Current release

v20, April 2023

1.0.6735, June 2023

2.1.12, February 2017

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java, Clojure

JavaScript

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

Linux

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Clojure
Java

JavaScript

C#
C++
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

Triggers

yes

By using transaction functions

Using read-only observers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

none

Fixed-grid hypercubes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

none

Real-time block device replication (DRBD)

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

using MemoryDB

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

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