DBMS > 4D vs. Datomic vs. HEAVY.AI vs. IBM Cloudant vs. MySQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Datomic vs. HEAVY.AI vs. IBM Cloudant vs. MySQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

A high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardware

Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDB

Widely used open source RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.66
Rank	#144	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	1.64
Rank	#145	Overall
	#67	Relational DBMS

Score	2.75
Rank	#104	Overall
	#19	Document stores

Score	1061.34
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.datomic.com

github.com/heavyai/heavydb
www.heavy.ai

www.ibm.com/products/cloudant

www.mysql.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.datomic.com

docs.heavy.ai

cloud.ibm.com/docs/Cloudant

dev.mysql.com/doc

Developer

4D, Inc

Cognitect

HEAVY.AI, Inc.

IBM, Apache Software Foundation

IBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Initial release

1984

2012

2016

2010

1995

Current release

v20, April 2023

1.0.7075, December 2023

5.10, January 2022

8.4.0, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

Apache Version 2; enterprise edition available

commercial

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java, Clojure

C++ and CUDA

Erlang

C and C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux

hosted

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Clojure
Java

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python

C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

View functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScript

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes

By using transaction functions

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Sharding

Round robin

Sharding

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a document possible

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic locking

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users can be defined per database

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

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