DBMS > 4D vs. Datomic vs. Google BigQuery vs. Splice Machine vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Datomic vs. Google BigQuery vs. Splice Machine vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

Open-Source SQL RDBMS for Operational and Analytical use cases with native Machine Learning, powered by Hadoop and Spark

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.59
Rank	#150	Overall
	#69	Relational DBMS

Score	60.38
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	0.54
Rank	#250	Overall
	#114	Relational DBMS

Score	1.31
Rank	#163	Overall
	#74	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.datomic.com

cloud.google.com/bigquery

splicemachine.com

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.datomic.com

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

splicemachine.com/how-it-works

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

Developer

4D, Inc

Cognitect

Google

Splice Machine

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Initial release

1984

2012

2010

2014

1998

Current release

v20, April 2023

1.0.6735, June 2023

3.1, March 2021

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

Open Source

AGPL 3.0, commercial license available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java, Clojure

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

RESTful HTTP API

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
Native Spark Datasource
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Clojure
Java

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Scala

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

user defined functions

in JavaScript

yes

Java

PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

By using transaction functions

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

none

Shared Nothhing Auto-Sharding, Columnar Partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Yes, via Full Spark Integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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