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DBMS > 4D vs. Datomic vs. Dgraph vs. SQream DB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Datomic vs. Dgraph vs. SQream DB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonSQream DB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSa GPU-based, columnar RDBMS for big data analytics workloads
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#224  Overall
#103  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.datomic.comdgraph.iosqream.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.datomic.comdgraph.io/­docsdocs.sqream.com
Developer4D, IncCognitectDgraph Labs, Inc.SQream Technologies
Initial release1984201220162017
Current releasev20, April 20231.0.6735, June 20232022.1.6, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, ClojureGoC++, CUDA, Haskell, Java, Scala
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes, ANSI Standard SQL Types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nonoyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP APIGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Clojure
Java
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoTransaction Functionsnouser defined functions in Python
TriggersyesBy using transaction functionsnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyeshorizontal and vertical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSynchronous replication via Raftnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and development
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnono infoPlanned for future releases

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDatomicDgraphSQream DB
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