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DBMS > 4D vs. Datomic vs. Dgraph vs. Kinetica vs. LokiJS

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Datomic vs. Dgraph vs. Kinetica vs. LokiJS

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSFully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUsIn-memory JavaScript DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score0.64
Rank#236  Overall
#109  Relational DBMS
Score0.43
Rank#264  Overall
#42  Document stores
Websitewww.4d.comwww.datomic.comdgraph.iowww.kinetica.comgithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJS
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.datomic.comdgraph.io/­docsdocs.kinetica.comtechfort.github.io/­LokiJS
Developer4D, IncCognitectDgraph Labs, Inc.Kinetica
Initial release19842012201620122014
Current releasev20, April 20231.0.6735, June 20237.1, August 2021
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava, ClojureGoC, C++JavaScript
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Linuxserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes infovia views
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nonoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP APIGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
JavaScript API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Clojure
Java
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoTransaction Functionsnouser defined functionsView functions in JavaScript
TriggersyesBy using transaction functionsnoyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified rangeyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyesShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSynchronous replication via RaftSource-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationnone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnono infoatomic operations within a single collection possible
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyes infoGPU vRAM or System RAMyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnono infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users and roles on table levelno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDatomicDgraphKineticaLokiJS
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