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DBMS > 4D vs. Databricks vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2 vs. ObjectBox

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Databricks vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2 vs. ObjectBox

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDatabricks  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonObjectBox  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemThe Databricks Lakehouse Platform combines elements of data lakes and data warehouses to provide a unified view onto structured and unstructured data. It is based on Apache Spark.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Lightweight, fast on-device database for IoT, Mobile and Embedded devices, persisting and synchronising objects and vectors
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSObject oriented DBMS
Vector DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSTime Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score81.08
Rank#15  Overall
#2  Document stores
#10  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score1.29
Rank#166  Overall
#5  Object oriented DBMS
#7  Vector DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.databricks.comcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.h2database.comgithub.com/­objectbox
objectbox.io
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.databricks.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.objectbox.io
Developer4D, IncDatabricksGoogleThomas MuellerObjectBox Limited
Initial release19842013201720052017
Current releasev20, April 20232.2.220, July 20234.0 (May 2024)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Bindings are released under Apache 2.0 infoApache License 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC and C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedhostedAll OS with a Java VMAndroid
Any POSIX system
Docker
iOS
Linux
macOS
QNX
Windows
Data schemeyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes, plus "flex" map-like types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92with Databricks SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Python
R
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaC
C++
Dart (Flutter)
Go
Java
Kotlin
Python
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions and aggregatesnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsno
Triggersyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseData sync between devices allowing occasional connected databases to work completely offline
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDatabricksGoogle Cloud SpannerH2ObjectBox
Specific characteristicsSupported database models : In addition to the Document store and Relational DBMS...
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