DBMS > 4D vs. Cubrid vs. Stardog vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Cubrid vs. Stardog vs. TimesTen

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

CUBRID is an open-source SQL-based relational database management system with object extensions for OLTP

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

An in-memory SQL relational database that delivers microsecond response and high throughput for OLTP applications. TimesTen can be deployed as a standalone database or as a cache to a backend Oracle database.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.37
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.97
Rank	#189	Overall
	#86	Relational DBMS

Score	1.93
Rank	#121	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Score	1.26
Rank	#164	Overall
	#75	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

cubrid.com (korean)
cubrid.org (english)

www.stardog.com

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

cubrid.org/manuals

docs.stardog.com

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/timesten/index.html

Developer

4D, Inc

CUBRID Corporation, CUBRID Foundation

Stardog-Union

Oracle

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Initial release

1984

2008

2010

1998

Current release

v20, April 2023

11.0, January 2021

7.3.0, May 2020

Release 22.1

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C, C++, Java

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

IBM AIX Power PC 64-bit
Linux arm64
Linux x86-64
Solaris SPARC 64
Solaris SPARC/x86
Solaris x86-64

Data scheme

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Pro*C/C++ programming interfaces
SQL and PL/SQL via JDBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

C
C++
Java
Node.js
PL/SQL
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

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