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DBMS > 4D vs. atoti vs. Coveo vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. atoti vs. Coveo vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonatoti  Xexclude from comparisonCoveo  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn in-memory DBMS combining transactional and analytical processing to handle the aggregation of ever-changing data.AI-powered hosted search, recommendation and personalization platform providing tools for both low-code and full-code developmentA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSObject oriented DBMSSearch engineRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.56
Rank#245  Overall
#10  Object oriented DBMS
Score2.28
Rank#114  Overall
#11  Search engines
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comatoti.iowww.coveo.comcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.atoti.iodocs.coveo.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncActiveViamCoveoGoogleOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release1984201220171998
Current releasev20, April 202311 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree versions availablecommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedhostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyeshybrid - fields need to be configured prior to indexing, but relationships can be exploited at query time without pre-configurationyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92Multidimensional Expressions (MDX)noyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP APIgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
Java
JavaScript
Python
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesPythonnonoPL/SQL
Triggersyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding, horizontal partitioningyesShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyesACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsgranular access controls, API key management, content filtersAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionatotiCoveoGoogle Cloud SpannerTimesTen
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