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DBMS > 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. Spark SQL vs. Teradata Aster vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. Spark SQL vs. Teradata Aster vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata Aster  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingPlatform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and typesIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.cockroachlabs.comspark.apache.org/­sqlwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmldocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncCockroach LabsApache Software FoundationTeradataOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842015201420051998
Current releasev20, April 202323.1.1, May 20233.5.0 ( 2.13), September 202311 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoScala
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesdynamic schemayesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) infodefined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Storeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infoin Aster File Storeno
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBCJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Java
Python
R
Scala
C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoR packagesPL/SQL
Triggersyesnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTyes, utilizing Spark CoreShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication using RAFTnoneyes infoDimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infoSQL Map-Reduce Frameworkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRole-based access controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCockroachDBSpark SQLTeradata AsterTimesTen
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